Title | The Independent Risk of Obesity and Diabetes and Their Interaction in COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2021 |
Authors | Tchang BG, Askin G, Sahagun A, Hwang J, Huang H, Curanaj FAMendelso, Seley JJ, Safford MM, Alonso LC, Aronne LJ, Shukla AP |
Journal | Obesity (Silver Spring) |
Volume | 29 |
Issue | 6 |
Pagination | 971-975 |
Date Published | 2021 06 |
ISSN | 1930-739X |
Keywords | Aged, Cohort Studies, COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2 |
Abstract | OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether diabetes mellitus (DM) or obesity is an independent risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes and to explore whether the risk conferred by one condition is modified by the other. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study of inpatient adults with COVID-19 used multivariable Cox regression to determine the independent effects of DM and obesity on the composite outcome of intubation, intensive care unit admission, or in-hospital mortality. Effect modification between DM and obesity was assessed with a statistical interaction term and an exploration of stratum-specific effects. RESULTS: Out of 3,533 patients, a total of 1,134 (32%) had DM, 1,256 (36%) had obesity, and 430 (12%) had both. DM and obesity were independently associated with the composite outcome (hazard ratio [HR] 1.14 [95% CI: 1.01-1.30] and HR 1.22 [95% CI: 1.05-1.43], respectively). A statistical trend for potential interaction between DM and obesity was observed (P = 0.20). Stratified analyses showed potential increased risk with obesity compared with normal weight among patients with DM (HR 1.34 [95% CI: 1.04-1.74]) and patients without DM (HR 1.18 [95% CI: 0.96-1.43]). CONCLUSIONS: DM and obesity are independent risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity. Stratified analyses suggest that obesity may confer greater risk to patients with DM compared with patients without DM, and this relationship requires further exploration. |
DOI | 10.1002/oby.23172 |
Alternate Journal | Obesity (Silver Spring) |
PubMed ID | 33694267 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC8206993 |
Grant List | / / Weill Cornell Friend Center Weight Fund / 1-UL1-TR002384-01 / / Clinical and Translational Science Center at Weill Cornell Medical College / P30 DK111022 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States P30 DK020541 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States UL1 TR002384 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States P60 DK020541 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States |